Photo: Hunanuk, Wikimedia Commons, CC0.Embark on a journey through Turkey! Test your knowledge on the rich history, stunning landscapes, unique culture, and delicious culinary traditions of this transcontinental nation.
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While Istanbul is the largest city and former imperial capital, Ankara was chosen as the capital in 1923 due to its strategic, central location in Anatolia. It served as the crucial hub of the Turkish national movement led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk during the War of Independence.
Photo: Boubacar Amadou Cisse, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Cappadocia's dreamlike landscape was formed by volcanic ash that eroded over millions of years. Ancient residents carved homes, churches, and entire underground cities into the soft volcanic rock. Today, it is one of the world's premier hot-air ballooning destinations.

Photo: Arian Zwegers from Brussels, Belgium, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.
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Competitors, known as pehlivan, douse themselves in olive oil to make grasping an opponent extremely difficult. The historic Kırkpınar tournament has been held annually since the 14th century, making it one of the world's oldest continuously running sporting events.
Photo: No machine-readable author provided. Math34 assumed (based on copyright claims)., Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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Built as a Christian cathedral in the 6th century under Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, Hagia Sophia was the largest cathedral in the world until the Seville Cathedral was completed in 1520. It has served as a cathedral, mosque, museum, and mosque again throughout its long history.

Photo: Adli Wahid, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Unlike most domestic cats, Van cats are known for their love of water and swimming. They are also famous for their striking mismatched eyes, often having one blue eye and one amber eye, a genetic trait known as heterochromia.
Photo: Estin Giç Giç, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Lake Van is a saline soda lake in eastern Turkey. Because of its high alkalinity, its water does not freeze easily, and only one fish species, the pearl mullet, is adapted to live in its brackish environment. Lake Tuz is the second-largest lake and is famous for salt harvesting.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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Salep is a flour made from the tubers of wild orchids. Combined with mastic resin, it gives Maraş dondurma its unique resistance to melting and stretchy quality, allowing street vendors to perform playful tricks. Pekmez is a traditional grape molasses used as a sweetener.
Photo: E4024, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Göbekli Tepe dates back to the 10th millennium BCE, pre-dating agriculture and pottery. Its massive T-shaped stone pillars carved with wild animals revolutionized our understanding of early human society. Çatalhöyük is another famous but much later Neolithic settlement in Turkey.

Photo: Teomancimit, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Rize has a mild, wet climate perfect for cultivating tea leaves. Turkey is one of the world's top tea consumers per capita, and the beverage is traditionally brewed in a double teapot and served in small, tulip-shaped glasses without milk.
Photo: Rhosgor, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Mustafa Kemal was granted the surname "Atatürk" (Father of the Turks) in honor of his role in founding the modern Republic of Turkey. By law, this unique surname is reserved exclusively for him and cannot be used by any other person.
Photo: Unknown authorUnknown author, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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