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Eight friendly questions about the things Chile is best known for. No need to be an expert: everyone can join in, whatever their age.
Seaside newcomer 0–3 · Volcano explorer 4–6 · Friend of Chile 7–8
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More than a third of all Chileans live in and around Santiago. Its business district is nicknamed 'Sanhattan', after New York's Manhattan, and its 300-metre Gran Torre Santiago is the tallest building in South America.
Photo: Miguel hernandez, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0.
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Chileans call their flag La Estrella Solitaria, the Lone Star, and it has flown since 1817. It looks a lot like the flag of the US state of Texas, which also has a single white star on blue next to a white and a red stripe.
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The border between Chile and Argentina is about 5,300 km long, the longest in South America and the third longest in the world, and most of it follows the high peaks of the Andes. Right on that border stands Ojos del Salado, almost 6,900 metres high and the highest volcano on Earth. Chile and Ecuador are the only countries in South America that do not border Brazil.
Photo: sergejf, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0.
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The Andean condor's wings can measure up to about 3.3 metres from tip to tip, and once high in the air it hardly ever flaps, riding on rising warm air instead. The naturalist Charles Darwin once watched condors for half an hour without seeing them flap their wings even once.
Photo: Greg Hume, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Chile lies south of the equator, so its winter comes in June, July and August, when Europe and North America have summer. Ski resorts such as Valle Nevado lie less than 50 km from the capital, and in 1966 Portillo hosted the Alpine World Ski Championships, still the only time they were held in the southern half of the world.
Photo: Jimmy Baikovicius, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0.
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On Cerro Paranal, a mountain in the desert of northern Chile, stands the Very Large Telescope: four telescopes, each with a mirror 8.2 metres across. They are called Antu, Kueyen, Melipal and Yepun, the words for the Sun, the Moon, the Southern Cross and Venus in the language of Chile's Mapuche people.
Photo: ESO/G. Hüdepohl ( atacamaphoto.com ), Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0.
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The Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirk asked to be left on the island in 1704 because he thought his ship was too leaky, and he was only picked up in 1709. He made clothes from goatskins with a nail as his needle and tamed wild cats to keep rats away at night, and in 1966 Chile renamed his island Robinson Crusoe Island.
Photo: SylviaStanley, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Wild chinchillas live in rocky hills in the north of Chile and have the densest fur of any land mammal, with around 50 hairs growing from each tiny hole in the skin. Instead of bathing in water, they keep that fur clean by rolling around in fine dust. Their name has nothing to do with Chile: it comes from the Chincha people of the Andes.
Photo: Guérin Nicolas ( messages ), Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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