
A friendly tour of Czechia's essentials in eight questions. Easy to join in, young or old, with something new to discover along the way.
Cobblestone beginner 0–3 · Castle explorer 4–6 · Czechia connoisseur 7–8
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The blue triangle points from the flagpole to the middle of the white and red stripes, which come from the old coat of arms of Bohemia. The triangle was added in 1920, because the white-and-red flag on its own looked almost exactly like the flag of Poland.
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Two small windows above the clock face slide open and statues of the twelve Apostles pass by, two at a time, while the little figures beside the clock shake their heads. The clock's big blue-and-gold dial also shows where the Sun and the Moon are in the sky.

Photo: Hans Peter Schaefer, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Together they were called Czechoslovakia, a country founded in 1918, and at the start of 1993 they peacefully became two separate countries. Czech and Slovak are so alike that Czechs and Slovaks can usually understand each other without learning the other language.

Photo: PANONIAN, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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The nickname goes back to a count by the 19th-century mathematician Bernard Bolzano, who found about a hundred spires. Today Prague's own information service estimates there are about 500 of them, and the city is also known by another nickname: the Golden City.

Photo: A.Savin, Wikimedia Commons, FAL.
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Between 1856 and 1863 Mendel grew about 28,000 plants, most of them peas, and kept track of features such as flower colour and the shape of the peas. Hardly anyone understood his work while he was alive, but today he is called the father of modern genetics.

Photo: Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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The coins were called Joachimsthalers, after the silver-mining town of Joachimsthal, now Jáchymov, and people soon shortened the name to thaler. In English, thaler became 'dollar', and 'thaler' itself comes from 'Thal', the German word for 'valley'.

Photo: Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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The carp swam in clean water for a few days to lose its muddy taste before the Christmas Eve dinner, often fried carp with potato salad. Many Czechs also tuck a carp scale under their plate or into their wallet, hoping it will bring them money in the new year.

Photo: Honza Groh ( Jagro ), Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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The play 'R.U.R.' by Karel Čapek introduced the word, but it was his brother Josef, a painter, who came up with it. It comes from the Czech word 'robota', meaning the hard work that peasants once had to do on their lords' land.

Photo: Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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