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Photo: NASA / Ames Research Center, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.How well do you know the world's largest island? Test your knowledge on Greenland's stunning icy landscapes, ancient Norse history, unique wildlife, and rich Inuit culture.
Arctic Explorer 0–4 · Icefjord Navigator 5–8 · True Greenlander 9–10
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Nuuk is the largest city in Greenland and one of the smallest capital cities in the world. Founded in 1728, its Greenlandic name translates to 'the cape' because of its position at the end of a large fjord system. Interestingly, almost a third of Greenland's entire population lives in this colorful, modern northern city.
Photo: Quintin Soloviev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0.
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While the Arctic wolf and Arctic fox roam the park, the polar bear reigns as the ultimate land predator here. Northeast Greenland National Park is the largest national park on Earth, covering an area larger than most countries, yet it has no permanent human residents other than a few military outposts.
Photo: Jerzy Strzelecki, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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The Ilulissat Icefjord is fed by the Jakobshavn Isbræ, one of the fastest glaciers on Earth, which flows about 20 to 35 metres a day. Some of its icebergs are so tall that they get stuck on the shallow bottom of the fjord, sometimes for years, before they can float out to sea.
Photo: Quintin Soloviev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0.
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Erik the Red was banished from Iceland for three years after a feud with his neighbours, so he sailed west to find a new home. He gave the icy island the appealing name 'Greenland' to tempt other Norse settlers to join him. His plan worked: two Norse settlements lasted there for centuries before mysteriously disappearing.
Photo: Arngrímur Jónsson, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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Suaasat is a hearty soup that keeps Greenlanders warm during the freezing winters. It is traditionally seasoned with just salt, black pepper, and onions, and thickened with barley or rice. A unique aspect of Greenlandic food culture is that almost all meat comes from wild, free-roaming local animals.
Photo: distrita.com, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Knud Rasmussen was of Danish and Inuit descent, which allowed him to communicate easily with indigenous groups across the Arctic. His epic Fifth Thule Expedition spanned from Greenland to Alaska by dog sled, collecting invaluable cultural artifacts and documenting Inuit oral histories for the first time.
Photo: Unknown authorUnknown author, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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Hans Egede traveled to Greenland hoping to find the lost Norse settlements, but instead found the Inuit people. He established a mission and trade post that grew into the city of Nuuk. Today, a famous statue of Egede stands on a hill overlooking the historic harbor of the capital city he founded.
Photo: Johan Hörner, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
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Disko Island is a massive island off Greenland's west coast, characterized by flat-topped volcanic mountains that contrast sharply with the ice sheet. It is home to the town of Qeqertarsuaq and features hot springs that keep some of the local valleys green and lush even during the cold Arctic summer.
Photo: Makemake at German Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Hvalsey Church is the best-preserved Norse ruin in Greenland, built from carefully fitted granite stones. The wedding of Sigrid Björnsdotter and Thorstein Olafsson in 1408 is the very last written record of the Norse Greenlanders before they vanished from history, leaving behind only these stone structures.
Photo: Number 57 at English Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, CC0.
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The massive Greenland ice sheet covers about 80 percent of the island, measuring up to three kilometers thick in some places. If the entire ice sheet were to melt completely, global sea levels would rise by about seven meters. Scientists study its deep ice cores to understand thousands of years of Earth's climate history.
Photo: Eric Gaba (Sting - fr:Sting), Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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