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Photo: Tango7174, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.How well do you know Canada's easternmost province? Test your knowledge on the unique history, stunning geography, and vibrant culture of Newfoundland and Labrador!
Mainland Curious 0–4 · Honorary Newfoundlander 5–8 · True Bayman 9–10
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St. John's is one of the oldest cities in North America. Spanish, Portuguese, and French fishermen used its harbour in the 16th century, and English settlers built a permanent community there in the 1600s. Its famous brightly colored row houses are affectionately known as Jellybean Row.
Photo: Quintin Soloviev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0.
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The Atlantic puffin was officially adopted as the provincial bird in 1991. About 95% of all North American puffins breed on the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador, with the largest colony of over 260,000 pairs nesting at the Witless Bay Ecological Reserve.
Photo: Charles J. Sharp, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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L'Anse aux Meadows is the only confirmed Norse site in North America outside of Greenland. Archaeologists discovered eight timber-framed turf buildings here, proving that Europeans reached the Americas five centuries before Christopher Columbus arrived.
Photo: Dylan Kereluk from White Rock, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.
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Newfoundland dogs have webbed paws and a water-resistant double coat, making them natural swimmers. They are famous for saving people from drowning; one legendary dog named Whizz saved nine people and a dog during his career as a rescue dog in the United Kingdom.
Photo: Flickr user DanDee Shots, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.
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Cape Spear is the absolute easternmost point of North America, excluding Greenland. It features the oldest surviving lighthouse in the province, built in 1836, and during World War II, a gun battery was stationed here to defend St. John's from German U-boats.
Photo: Tango7174, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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In December 1901, Guglielmo Marconi received the first transatlantic wireless signal, the letter S in Morse code, sent from Cornwall, England. He chose Signal Hill because its height allowed him to set up a long receiving antenna using a kite.
Photo: Shhewitt, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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The Tablelands in Gros Morne National Park are a rare outcrop of the Earth's mantle, pushed to the surface millions of years ago by tectonic collisions. Because of the high heavy metal content in the rock, very little plant life can grow, creating an eerie, desert-like landscape.
Photo: Adavyd, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Mummering is a festive Christmas season tradition where people disguise themselves in mismatched clothing and masks, then visit neighbors' homes. The hosts must guess the visitors' identities, and once guessed, the mummers are treated to food and drink.
Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/jerry_curtis/, Wikimedia Commons, CC0.
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In the 16th century, Red Bay was the world's largest and most active whaling port, established by Basque mariners who produced oil to light the lamps of Europe. Archaeologists have discovered well-preserved sunken Basque galleons and whale oil rendering ovens here.
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The purple pitcher plant was chosen as the province's floral emblem in 1954. It grows in boggy ground and catches insects in its water-filled, jug-shaped leaves, where they are slowly digested for nutrients. The lady's slipper is the provincial flower of Prince Edward Island.
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